/* Commaa Asia — Insight article shared stylesheet */
:root{
  --paper:#F2ECEC;--paper-2:#EDE6E6;--ink:#0A0A0A;--ink-soft:#1F1F1F;
  --grey-500:#737373;--grey-300:#D4D4D4;--white:#FFFFFF;
  --orange:#EA6E38;--orange-2:#FF7E45;--blue:#255BEC;--green:#25D366;
  --display:'Playfair Display',Georgia,serif;--sans:'Inter',system-ui,sans-serif;--mono:'JetBrains Mono',ui-monospace,monospace;
  --ticker-h:36px;
}
*{margin:0;padding:0;box-sizing:border-box}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth}
body{font-family:var(--sans);background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);line-height:1.5;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;overflow-x:hidden}
a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}
button{font-family:inherit;cursor:pointer;border:none;background:none;color:inherit}
img{max-width:100%;display:block}
::selection{background:var(--orange);color:var(--ink)}
.label{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:11px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:0.06em;text-transform:uppercase}
.wrap{max-width:1280px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 64px}
.wrap-narrow{max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 32px}
@media (max-width:768px){.wrap{padding:0 20px}.wrap-narrow{padding:0 20px}}

/* SITE HEADER + TICKER + NAV (single sticky wrapper so they always stack visibly) */
.site-header{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:100;left:0;right:0}
.ticker{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);padding:10px 0;overflow:hidden;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(250,250,250,0.1);transition:padding .25s ease}
body.is-scrolled .ticker{padding:5px 0}
.ticker-track{display:flex;gap:48px;animation:ticker 40s linear infinite;white-space:nowrap;width:max-content;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.06em;text-transform:uppercase;transition:font-size .25s ease}
body.is-scrolled .ticker-track{font-size:10px}
.ticker-track span{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:48px}
.ticker-track span::after{content:"●";color:var(--orange);font-size:8px;margin-left:48px}
.ticker-clock{color:var(--orange);font-weight:500}
@keyframes ticker{from{transform:translateX(0)}to{transform:translateX(-50%)}}

nav.top{background:rgba(242,236,236,0.92);backdrop-filter:blur(14px);border-bottom:1px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.06)}
body.is-scrolled nav.top .inner{padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px}
nav.top .inner{max-width:1440px;margin:0 auto;padding:18px 64px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}
@media (max-width:768px){nav.top .inner{padding:14px 20px}}
nav.top .brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:13px;letter-spacing:0.04em;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:500}
.comma-logo{width:30px;height:30px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex:0 0 30px;color:var(--ink)}
.comma-logo img{width:100%;height:100%;display:block}
nav.top ul{list-style:none;display:flex;gap:32px;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0.04em;text-transform:uppercase}
nav.top ul a{position:relative;padding:6px 0;transition:color .2s}
nav.top ul a.active{color:var(--orange)}
nav.top ul a::after{content:"";position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;height:1.5px;background:var(--orange);transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:right;transition:transform .3s ease}
nav.top ul a.active::after,nav.top ul a:hover::after{transform:scaleX(1);transform-origin:left}
nav.top ul a:hover{color:var(--orange)}
nav.top .cta{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0.04em;text-transform:uppercase;background:var(--orange);color:var(--ink);padding:11px 18px;border-radius:999px;transition:background .2s,color .2s,transform .2s}
nav.top .cta:hover{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);transform:translateY(-1px)}
.menu-toggle{display:none;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0.04em;text-transform:uppercase}
@media (max-width:900px){nav.top ul,nav.top .cta{display:none}.menu-toggle{display:block}}
.mobile-menu{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;background:var(--paper);z-index:99;transform:translateY(-100%);transition:transform .4s ease;padding:90px 24px 40px}
.mobile-menu.open{transform:translateY(0)}
.mobile-menu ul{list-style:none}
.mobile-menu li{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.1)}
.mobile-menu a{display:block;padding:22px 0;font-family:var(--display);font-size:30px;font-style:italic}
.mobile-menu .cta{display:inline-block;margin-top:28px;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0.04em;text-transform:uppercase;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);padding:14px 22px;border-radius:999px}

/* Article hero */
.article-hero{padding:60px 0 48px;position:relative;overflow:hidden}
.article-hero .grad{position:absolute;top:-30%;right:-15%;width:600px;height:600px;background:radial-gradient(circle,rgba(234,110,56,0.22) 0%,rgba(234,110,56,0) 65%);filter:blur(80px);pointer-events:none}
.breadcrumb{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.06em;text-transform:uppercase;opacity:.55;margin-bottom:32px;display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap}
.breadcrumb a:hover{color:var(--orange)}
.breadcrumb .sep{opacity:.5}
.article-eyebrow{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--orange);margin-bottom:18px;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border:1px solid rgba(234,110,56,0.4);border-radius:999px}
.article-hero h1{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;font-size:clamp(38px,5.5vw,72px);line-height:1.02;letter-spacing:-0.022em;margin-bottom:24px;max-width:1000px}
.article-hero h1 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--orange)}
.article-dek{font-size:18px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--ink-soft);max-width:720px;margin-bottom:32px}
.article-byline{display:flex;gap:24px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.06em;text-transform:uppercase;opacity:.6;padding-top:24px;border-top:1px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.15)}
.article-byline strong{color:var(--ink);opacity:1;font-weight:500}
.article-byline .dot{width:4px;height:4px;border-radius:999px;background:rgba(10,10,10,0.3)}

.article-feature-img{margin:32px 0 64px;border-radius:24px;overflow:hidden;background:var(--paper-2);aspect-ratio:16/9}
.article-feature-img img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}

/* Article body */
.article-body{padding:0 0 80px}
.article-body p{font-size:18px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:24px}
.article-body p strong{font-weight:600}
.article-body h2{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;font-size:clamp(28px,3vw,38px);line-height:1.15;letter-spacing:-0.018em;margin:56px 0 20px;color:var(--ink)}
.article-body h2 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--orange)}
.article-body h3{font-family:var(--sans);font-weight:600;font-size:21px;line-height:1.3;margin:36px 0 14px;color:var(--ink)}
.article-body ul,.article-body ol{margin:0 0 28px 24px;padding:0}
.article-body li{font-size:18px;line-height:1.7;margin-bottom:10px}
.article-body li::marker{color:var(--orange)}
.article-body a{color:var(--orange);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:3px;transition:opacity .2s}
.article-body a:hover{opacity:.7}
.article-body blockquote{border-left:3px solid var(--orange);padding:8px 0 8px 24px;margin:32px 0;font-family:var(--display);font-style:italic;font-size:24px;line-height:1.45;color:var(--ink-soft)}
.article-body .takeaway{background:var(--white);border:1px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.08);border-radius:18px;padding:28px 32px;margin:36px 0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px}
.article-body .takeaway .label{color:var(--orange);margin-bottom:4px}
.article-body .takeaway p{font-size:17px;margin:0;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.6}

/* TOC */
.toc{background:var(--paper-2);border-radius:18px;padding:24px 28px;margin:0 0 48px;font-size:14px}
.toc .label{display:block;margin-bottom:14px;opacity:.6}
.toc ol{margin:0 0 0 18px;padding:0}
.toc li{margin-bottom:8px;line-height:1.5}
.toc li::marker{color:var(--orange);font-family:var(--mono);font-size:11px}
.toc a{color:var(--ink);font-size:14px}
.toc a:hover{color:var(--orange)}

/* FAQ */
.faq{padding:60px 0;border-top:1px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.15)}
.faq h2{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;font-size:clamp(28px,3.5vw,42px);line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:32px}
.faq h2 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--orange)}
.faq details{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.1);padding:20px 0}
.faq summary{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;font-size:21px;cursor:pointer;list-style:none;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-start;gap:16px;line-height:1.3}
.faq summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.faq summary::after{content:"+";font-family:var(--mono);font-size:24px;font-weight:300;color:var(--orange);transition:transform .25s}
.faq details[open] summary::after{transform:rotate(45deg)}
.faq details p{font-size:16px;line-height:1.65;margin-top:14px;color:var(--ink-soft)}

/* Author / next */
.author-strip{padding:48px 0;border-top:1px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.15);border-bottom:1px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.15);margin:0 0 64px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:40px;align-items:center}
.author-strip .label{display:block;margin-bottom:14px;opacity:.6}
.author-strip h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-size:32px;line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:-0.015em;color:var(--orange)}
.author-strip p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-top:12px}
.author-strip .cta{display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-end}
.btn{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:12px;letter-spacing:0.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:16px 22px;border-radius:999px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;transition:all .2s ease;cursor:pointer}
.btn-primary{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper)}
.btn-primary:hover{background:var(--orange);transform:translateY(-2px)}
.btn-secondary{background:transparent;color:var(--ink);border:1.5px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.25)}
.btn-secondary:hover{border-color:var(--ink);transform:translateY(-2px)}
.btn-orange{background:var(--orange);color:var(--ink)}
.btn-orange:hover{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);transform:translateY(-2px)}
.btn-outline-light{background:transparent;color:var(--paper);border:1.5px solid rgba(250,250,250,0.3)}
.btn-outline-light:hover{border-color:var(--paper);transform:translateY(-2px)}
@media (max-width:768px){.author-strip{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px}.author-strip .cta{justify-content:flex-start}}

/* Related */
.related{padding:60px 0 80px}
.related .head{margin-bottom:32px}
.related .label{display:block;margin-bottom:12px;opacity:.6}
.related h2{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;font-size:clamp(28px,3.5vw,42px);line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:-0.02em}
.related h2 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--orange)}
.related-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:24px}
.related-card{background:var(--white);border-radius:18px;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.05);transition:transform .3s ease,box-shadow .3s ease;display:flex;flex-direction:column}
.related-card:hover{transform:translateY(-4px);box-shadow:0 24px 48px rgba(10,10,10,0.06)}
.related-card .media{aspect-ratio:16/10;overflow:hidden;background:var(--ink)}
.related-card .media img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .8s ease}
.related-card:hover .media img{transform:scale(1.04)}
.related-card .body{padding:22px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px;flex:1}
.related-card .meta{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:0.06em;text-transform:uppercase;opacity:.55}
.related-card h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;font-size:19px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-0.012em}
.related-card h3 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--orange)}
.related-card .arrow{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.06em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:auto;padding-top:8px;border-top:1px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.08)}
@media (max-width:900px){.related-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

/* CTA strip */
.cta-strip{padding:64px 0;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);position:relative;overflow:hidden}
.cta-strip .grad{position:absolute;top:-40%;left:-15%;width:600px;height:600px;background:radial-gradient(circle,rgba(234,110,56,0.25) 0%,rgba(234,110,56,0) 65%);filter:blur(80px);pointer-events:none}
.cta-strip .grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.5fr 1fr;gap:40px;align-items:center;position:relative;z-index:1}
.cta-strip .label{opacity:.5;display:block;margin-bottom:14px}
.cta-strip h2{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;font-size:clamp(30px,4vw,48px);line-height:1.05;letter-spacing:-0.02em}
.cta-strip h2 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--orange)}
.cta-strip p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;opacity:.75;max-width:480px;margin-top:12px}
.cta-strip .actions{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-end}
@media (max-width:900px){.cta-strip .grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:24px}.cta-strip .actions{justify-content:flex-start}}

/* Footer */
footer{padding:32px 0 16px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;font-family:var(--mono);font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0.04em;text-transform:uppercase;opacity:.7;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:16px;border-top:1px solid rgba(10,10,10,0.1)}
footer .links{display:flex;gap:24px}
footer a:hover{color:var(--orange)}
.foot-wrap{padding:0 64px}
@media (max-width:768px){.foot-wrap{padding:0 20px}}

.fade-up{opacity:0;transform:translateY(20px);transition:opacity .8s ease,transform .8s ease}
.fade-up.in{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}


/* Floating action buttons (back-to-top + WhatsApp) */
.float-stack{position:fixed;right:24px;bottom:24px;z-index:90;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:12px;align-items:flex-end}
.float-stack .wa-float,.float-stack .back-top{width:58px;height:58px;border-radius:999px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;transition:transform .2s,opacity .25s,visibility .25s;border:none;cursor:pointer}
.float-stack .wa-float{background:#25D366;color:#FFFFFF;box-shadow:0 12px 30px rgba(37,211,102,0.45)}
.float-stack .wa-float:hover{transform:scale(1.08)}
.float-stack .wa-float svg{width:28px;height:28px}
.float-stack .back-top{background:#0A0A0A;color:#F2ECEC;box-shadow:0 12px 30px rgba(10,10,10,0.35);font-family:'JetBrains Mono',ui-monospace,monospace;font-size:20px;line-height:1;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none}
.float-stack .back-top.show{opacity:1;visibility:visible;pointer-events:auto}
.float-stack .back-top:hover{background:#EA6E38;color:#0A0A0A;transform:translateY(-2px)}
.float-stack .back-top svg{width:22px;height:22px;stroke:currentColor;fill:none;stroke-width:2.2;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round}